Metodologi

Setiap lapisan di Mandum Rimba memiliki sumber, tanggal pengambilan, dan metodologi. Halaman ini menjelaskan dari mana data berasal, bagaimana diolah, serta batasannya.

Sumber data

• Global Forest Watch, UMD/Hansen tree cover loss (2001–2025, >30% canopy, live encoded raster tiles), CC BY 4.0
• BNPB DIBI, disaster events (floods, landslides), via the UNDRR DesInventar mirror, Public data (UNDRR DesInventar)
• GFW concession layers (Greenpeace-derived), oil palm (v2025), wood fiber (v2025), logging (v202106), CC BY 4.0
• Maus et al. 2022, global mining land use (footprint), via GFW / PANGAEA, CC BY 4.0
• GBIF, wildlife occurrence records (threatened & endemic species, all classes, Sumatra–Papua), contoured per island into the distribution layer, Per-dataset (CC0 / CC BY / CC BY-NC)
• IUCN Red List of Threatened Species, conservation status (CR/EN/VU/NT/LC) used to select and label species, IUCN Red List terms (non-commercial use, attribution)
• Permen LHK P.106/2018, Indonesia's official list of protected animals & plants (species selection), Public regulation
• CITES Appendices, internationally protected/traded species (species selection), Public (CITES Secretariat)
• ESA WorldCover 2021 (v200), 10 m land cover / natural-habitat weighting, CC BY 4.0
• RESOLVE Ecoregions 2017, terrestrial ecoregions of the archipelago (coloured by RESOLVE's own per-ecoregion palette), CC BY 4.0
• Biogeographic transition lines (Wallace 1863, Weber, Lydekker), drawn by us from the published historical descriptions, approximate as these lines always are, Our own rendering of historical descriptions
• Protected Planet (WDPA), protected areas (UNEP-WCMC & IUCN), WDPA terms: non-commercial display with attribution + link, no downloads/redistribution
• KLHK PIPPIB, forest moratorium, Public data
• Global Mangrove Watch v3, Indonesia mangrove extent (2020) from satellite imagery, CC BY 4.0
• Global Forest Watch, Indonesia peat lands (peatland extent), CC BY 4.0
• Copernicus CAMS global atmospheric composition forecasts, surface PM2.5 (the Udara & asap colour field), with NOAA GFS 10 m wind for the animated streamlines, Copernicus & NOAA, free with attribution
• NASA Worldview / GIBS, Corrected Reflectance (True Color) daily imagery, streamed keyless for the karhutla day view, Public domain (NASA)
• NASA FIRMS thermal anomalies via EOSDIS GIBS, archived daily hotspots (a hotspot is an unverified heat detection, not a confirmed fire), Public domain (NASA)
• Trase, palm exporter ↔ deforestation linkage, CC BY 4.0
• Nusantara Atlas, monthly reports (cite & link only), See source
• GADM 4.1, administrative boundaries, Academic / non-commercial use
• NASA EOSDIS GIBS reference overlays (place names, borders, roads, coastlines, from OpenStreetMap), shown with the satellite imagery to restore locational context, never used in any calculation, OpenStreetMap ODbL

Batasan

Deteksi kehilangan tutupan pohon dari satelit memiliki false positive dan tidak selalu berarti deforestasi; resolusi piksel 10–30 m; batas konsesi publik bisa kedaluwarsa. Versi metodologi dicatat pada setiap rekaman turunan dan setiap perubahan dicatat di changelog ini.

Catatan hukum

Mandum Rimba menghimpun data publik pihak ketiga dan menampilkannya apa adanya; kami tidak menyimpulkan, tidak menuduh, dan tidak menyatakan bahwa pihak mana pun melanggar hukum. Nama perusahaan, konsesi, dan lokasi berasal langsung dari dataset sumbernya, bukan dari kami. Irisan antar-lapisan adalah konteks, bukan vonis, dan kehilangan tutupan pohon tidak selalu berarti deforestasi ilegal. Kami menghormati asas praduga tak bersalah, dan terbuka atas permintaan koreksi untuk kami tinjau dan perbaiki.

Changelog metodologi

• 2026.07.2, Added a Tree cover loss layer to the main map (/peta): the Hansen/UMD annual tree cover loss raster (>30% canopy) streamed live from Global Forest Watch's encoded tiles, decoded per-pixel in the browser and coloured by loss density (amber → deep red), with a 2001–2025 timeline you can scrub or play to watch loss accumulate. It replaces an earlier province-level loss choropleth. Tree cover loss is not always deforestation, so the layer is presented as loss, not as a deforestation verdict.
• 2026.07.1, Two coastal & wetland habitat layers added to the main map (/peta): Mangroves (Global Mangrove Watch v3, ~223.900 polygons, 2020 extent) and Peatlands (Global Forest Watch 'Indonesia peat lands'). Both are carbon-rich, fire-prone ecosystems and critical wildlife habitat. Default-visible layers were retuned so the map opens on the human-pressure vs. protection story: concessions, protected & moratorium areas, mangroves, and peatlands are on by default; the Wildlife Distribution layer is now off by default (opt-in) to reduce initial clutter.
• 2026.07.0, Biodiversity map (/biodiversitas) reworked: the endemic-fauna and iconic-flora layers changed from scattered occurrence dots into DISTRIBUTION AREAS — curated GBIF points contoured per island into smooth density areas (fauna coloured by Sundaland/Wallacea/Papua biogeographic zone), the same organic-contour treatment as the Wildlife Distribution layer. The 'Biodiversity record density (GBIF)' raster overlay was removed as unhelpful noise. Two orphaned tilesets (wildlife habitat + occurrence points) that no map layer used were retired from the pipeline and object store.
• 2026.06.2, Wildlife layer reworked from occurrence points into a habitat-aware Wildlife Distribution layer: GBIF occurrences of threatened + flagship/endemic species (all classes, hundreds of species) are weighted by ESA WorldCover natural-habitat cover, city points are dropped, then density is contoured per island so each species stays on its actual island (a Sumatran tiger never bleeds into Java). Cryptic species whose coordinates are withheld for protection (e.g. Sumatran rhino) are added as clearly-flagged documented-range markers (IUCN/KLHK), not field records. The standalone RESOLVE ecoregion habitat layer was retired; its role is folded into the distribution layer's habitat weighting.
• 2026.06.1, Wildlife coverage expanded from 10 to 30 flagship species, every biogeographic region (Sundaland, Wallacea, Papua) and ecosystem (land, sea, freshwater), not just western Indonesia. Species now selected from Indonesia's protected-species law (Permen LHK P.106/2018), KKP marine rules & CITES, with IUCN Red List status and GBIF occurrences (filtered to 1990–present, removing stale museum specimens). Every occurrence coordinate is validated against an Indonesia land mask (Natural Earth 1:50m) and the species' realm, so marine animals mis-plotted inland (or land animals offshore) are dropped as gross coordinate errors, legitimate coastal records are kept. The layer was renamed from 'threatened' to 'protected' wildlife to match.
• 2026.06.0, Initial data pipeline: ingest and publish tree cover loss, concessions, protected & moratorium areas, disasters, wildlife habitat and occurrences.